The Biology of Food Addiction

The Calorie Hypothesis
Current view: Obesity is just lack of will power ...eat less, exercise more

This model fails because:

1. Our body's wise compensatory mechanisms defend against weight loss by decreasing energy expenditure and increasing appetite as we diet
2. High glycemic carbohydrates (like added refined sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and starches) light up the nucleus accumbent - the brain's addiction center - promoting compulsive overeating of processed high glycemic foods
3. Multiple other factors actually regulate metabolism: dietary composition, gut microbiome, toxic exposures, infections, allergens, nutrient status, mitochondrial dysfunction, and imbalance of hormones and neurotransmitters.

"Caloric-restricte traditional "diets" exacerbate metabolic dysfunction and actually lead to OVEREATING over the long-term"

A more accurate view...

1. Poor diet quality, not calories is drive of obesity
2. All calories not created equal
3. Food is more than calories... it is information that programs genetic expression and changes metabolic state
4. Diets don't work because they are not addressing fundamental drivers of excess caloric intake: physiologic addiction to refined carbs and sugar! 

Sugar is eight times more addictive than cocaine!

Experimental research reveals a commonality between addition to sugar and cocaine.

• Both sweet taste and drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, stimulate release of dopamine in ventral stratum, critical in the process of reward-processing and learning
• Cross-tolerance and dependance are seen in both sugar consumption and drugs of abuse. This means that over time it takes more and more of each to get the desired effect.
• In one study, rats preferred saccharin over IV cocaine. In another, they chose sucrose over cocaine.

Compulsive Overeating Can Resemble Drug Addiction

Visceral Fat is "hungry" and may drive overeating behavior

• Visceral fat is fat that is stored around your organs
• These visceral fat cells are metabolically active and suck fuel out of your blood stream, making you eat more!
• They secrete hormones and cytokines that promote weight gain and inflammation
• Hormones such as adiponectin, insulin, resisting, leptin and MSH
• Cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-alpha, and other pro-inflammatory molecules
• Insulin release surges in response to high glycemic foods, creating more inflammation and obesity-promoting metabolism, more visceral fat storage = vicious cycle

Dietary composition more important than calories...

• In this large European study, increase in protein content and a reduction in the glycemic index led to an improvement in study completion and maintenance of weight loss.
• Another study shows a low-glycemic diet higher in fat and protein improves metabolic rate and energy.
• Mice fed high-GI diet had almost twice the body fat of those on the low-GI diet after 9 weeks.
• Athletes on ketogenic, high-fat diet had better performance, less fatigue

Bottom line: Latest research indicates that sugar consumption is an independent risk factor for many, if not ALL, chronic disease.

Do you need more reasons to stop eating sugar now?

Here are my recommendations for optimal health and weight:

1. Quality of foods is essential... low glycemic load, high micronutrient and phytonutrient and fiber content = eat a rainbow of colors in your foods.
2. Choose organic, pastured meats and wild fish
3. Eat more vegetables and low-glycemic fruits, like berries and green apples
4. Avoid all packages, processed foods - if it has more than 3-4 ingredients don't buy it!
5. Limit high glycemic starchy foods, like white potatoes and white rice
6. Eliminate gluten if you're sensitive and avoid ALL refined processed grains
7. Avoid all hydrogenated and trans fats. Use organic butter, ghee, coconut oil, olive oil, avocado and other healthy fats freely
8. Avoid genetically modified foods, like corn, soy, canola.

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The Hidden Epidemic... Is Yeast Overgrowth Destroying Your Health?

Did you know your gut microbes could be dramatically affecting your health?

Hey guys! ...this is not just for women.  Men, too, commonly suffer from intestinal yeast overgrowth or fungal dysbiosis!

Every day we see new research on the effects of unhealthy gut organisms on the brain, the thyroid gland, the nervous system, the immune system, and the heart and vascular system.  In functional medicine, this is one reason we focus so intently on helping our patients heal their gut and thrive.  Without a healthy bacterial population in the colon, it’s nearly impossible to experience the optimal health we all desire.

Many people are unknowingly fighting a battle against a single-cell fungus in the gut.  Its name is Candida Albicans, although in recent years there has been an increase in non-albicans species of yeast.  Candida is a normal organism that is part of our skin flora, intestinal microbes, and for women, vaginal flora.  Men, this doesn't mean you can't harbor yeast as well!   This seemingly benign player can become hostile if the environment is right.  High intake of refined carbohydrates and sugar, frequent antibiotic or prednisone use, hormones and birth control pills and other medications give the yeast an advantage over the normal protective bugs, like lactobacillus, so that it flourishes.  It has the ability to take over and becomes invasive leading to a host of unwanted symptoms.  Sadly, many conventional physicians do not recognize that the gut can be a reservoir of these fungal organisms.   If you have ever experienced vaginal yeast infections, rectal irritation, white coating on your tongue called thrush, or any fungal skin or nail infections, like onychomycosis, you may also have a large number of these buggers living in your gastrointestinal tract.

I crave sweets and carbs all the time…

One of the most important things that I notice with patients who have fungal dysbiosis is the feeling of being tired and “run down” all the time with intense cravings for sugar or carbohydrates. Many patients don’t believe me when I tell them that if their gut is healthy, they will get to the point of having no food cravings at all!  It’s really true!  And if you are still experiencing intense, uncontrollable cravings, binge eating, or other issues in a love-hate relationship with sugar and refined carbohydrates, you can bet there is a problem with your gut microbes!

Take this quiz to find out if YOU have a problem!

These are common symptoms that may occur with yeast overgrowth in the gut.  Keep in mind, these are not specific to yeast alone, but if you experience them on a regular basis you are likely to have a real problem with fungal dysbiosis, or yeast overgrowth.

 Give yourself 1 point for every one of these symptoms you experience regularly:

• Weight gain
• Difficulty losing weight
• Premenstrual symptoms
• Fatigue
• Muscle pain/fibromyalgia
• Poor focus/concentration
• Brain fog
• Irritable
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Headaches or migraines
• Cravings for sugar or carbohydrates
• Drowsy after meals
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Gas and bloating
• Rectal itching
• Vaginal discomfort or burning
• Low libido
• Joint pain
• Crying spells
• Dizziness or light-headedness
• Sinus pressure/congestion
• Trouble sleeping
• Halitosis (bad breath)
• Body odor
• Frequent sore throat
• Coughing/wheezing/shortness of breath

Scoring

• > 8 – You may have intestinal dysbiosis
• > 14 – It is likely you have an issue with intestinal dysbiosis, which could include yeast overgrowth
• > 20 – It is almost certain that you have fungal dysbiosis or yeast overgrowth

Fungal Dysbiosis and Leaky Gut Syndrome

If yeast becomes dominant in the gut, it may take over and overwhelm the good bacteria.  This is called Fungal Dysbiosis.  The situation becomes dire when yeast or abnormal gut microbes proliferate and dysbiosis occurs.  The problems start when yeast changes from a benign one cell organism to the more invasive hyphe form.  These forms can secrete enzymes, like proteases and phosopholipases that break down cell membranes and contribute to intestinal permeability or “leaky gut”.  As the gut becomes more permeable, toxic metabolites, such as acetaldehyde, leak into the blood stream and cause symptoms such as brain fog, fatigue, or depression.  Did you know that this chemical yeast produces can make you feel hungover?  Alcohol, when metabolized by the liver, also produces acetaldehyde which causes that "hangover" feeling.  The yeast bugs also drive cravings for the very foods that allow them to survive –sugar, refined carbohydrates and sometimes fermented foods or alcohol.  I’m always amazed by the number of people who were struggle with alcohol craving or addiction that have yeast overgrowth in their gut.  In addition to the toxic materials that leak into the blood stream, partially digested food may also leak through the lining of the gut and create food sensitivities.  Many people with chronic yeast overgrowth will experience sensitivities to common foods, like gluten, dairy, sugar, corn, and soy and may even experience improvement in symptoms when they go on an elimination diet.  Yeast also produces more than one-hundred other toxins that may leak into the blood stream and affect thyroid and hormone function, brain function and even neurotransmitter production.

Fungal Dysbiosis and the Connection with Autoimmune Diseases

This invasion and consequent problem of a leaky gut may also trigger the immune system to become confused in a process called “molecular mimicry” when the bacteria or yeast in the gut or cross over where they don’t belong into the blood stream and trigger creation of antibodies by the immune system.  These antibodies may cross-react to joint tissue, skin, thyroid, or even brain and create autoimmune diseases.  It is very common to see some of the following autoimmune conditions occur in someone with fungal dysbiosis:

• Psoriasis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
• Crohn’s disease
• Ulcerative Colitis
• Celiac Disease
• Meniere’s disease
• Raynaud’s disease
• Lupus

 So What Causese Fungal Dysbiois?

Here are some of the most common factors that upset the balance of gut microbes and contribute to yeast overgrowth or fungal dysbiosis

• Chronic stress, which impacts your immune system, also contributes to yeast overgrowth
• Diabetes (due to abnormal blood sugar)
• Pregnancy (due to change in hormone levels)
• Eating too much sugar and too many grains. Sugar is the main fuel for yeast.
• Taking antibiotics, which kill both your good and bad bacteria.
• Exposure to environmental toxins, which can lower your immune system’s ability to keep yeast in check.  Mercury is especially problematic with yeast overgrowth
• Taking other medications, such as birth control pills and steroids, which are both known to increase yeast

How Does My Doctor Diagnose Fungal Dysbiosis?

Well, the first step is finding a functional medicine trained physician or naturopath who understands the importance of having a healthy gut microbiome.  There are many physicians who understand vaginal yeast infections or the more severe systemic candidiasis, where candida enters the blood stream and can be life threatening but ignore the possibility that you could have too many yeast bugs living in your gut.  Even when we are looking for a problem it can often be hard to detect.  I commonly use a combination of clinical history and symptoms and the following lab tests:

1. Serum Candida antibiodies (IgG, IgM, IgA)
2. Organic Acids in urine, such as Arabinose
3. Comprehensive Digestive Stool analysis for candida culture and sensitivity

By combining a patient’s symptoms with the testing above, it becomes relatively easy to determine if a patient has fungal dysbiosis or not.  Other red flags are someone with  inflammatory bowel disorder or other bacterial dysbiosis, such as SIBO (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth) as the two can co-exsist.

So Tell Me How to Get Rid of it!

1. DIET

The most important starting point is diet.  In fact, I frequently tell patients that no amount of anti-fungal drugs or herbal medications can overcome a high sugar, high carbohydrate diet.  In order to eradicate the yeast, one must do the following:

1. Eat a diversified, whole foods (in as natural and fresh a state as possible) diet, emphasizing non-starchy vegetables, proteins, like fish, organic chicken, turkey, lamb, wild game and organic grass-fed beef.  Healthy oils, like coconut, grape seed and olive are also essential. Include pastured ghee or butter as well for a rich source of Vitamin K and other fat-soluble vitamins
2. Chose organic, free-range meat and be sure they do not contain added growth hormones or antibiotics.  I advise all patients to avoid cow’s dairy due to lactose content, which is a sugar that yeast likes.
3. Avoid all foods that feed the yeast!  That would include all forms of sugar (honey, molasses, maple syrup, agave, xylitol, and artificial sweeteners, like aspartame, splenda)
4. Avoid all dried fruits and fruit juices.  Stevia may be used to sweeten teas and beverages.
5. You may need to eliminate fruit in the beginning or at least stick to no more than one serving of low-glycemic fruit per day – best bets are berries, green apples, or citrus.
6. Eliminate any allergenic foods – these commonly include gluten, dairy, egg, soy, corn, and cane sugar
7. You should also eliminate the following: alcohol; vinegar (and anything containing vinegar, like salad dressing and sauces); all bread (which contains yeast); high starchy vegetables, like carrots, potatoes and beets; peanuts and corn (due to high mold content); mushrooms (fungus); and aged or moldy foods, like blue cheese.
8. Drink plenty of purified water daily.  If you are feeling dizzy, add some electrolytes (ElectroMix or Elyte Sport) to your morning water.
9. Get some form of daily exercise (walking, hiking, yoga, bicycling). Pick an activity you enjoy and try to get in 30-40min every day.
10. Make time for rest and relaxation.  Epson salt baths can be especially helpful for the yeast die-off symptoms.  Use 2-3 cups of salt in warm bath and soak 20min.

2. AVOID ANTIBIOTICS

3. DECREASE STRESSORS

4. IDENTIFY AND ELIMINATE FOOD ALLERGIES

5. TAKE A PROBIOTIC!  (my favorite is Klaire Labs Detox Support, which you can order here)

6. TREAT ANY DIGESTIVE IMBALANCES (like insufficient pancreatic enzyme production or low stomach acid)

7. MEDICATIONS

• Fluconazole
• Itraconazole
• Nystatin
• Compounded Oral amphotericin B

8. HERBAL REMEDIES

• Caprylic Acid
• Undecylenic acid
• Berberine
• Garlic (Allicin)
• Oil of Oregano
• Olive Leaf Extract
• Pau D-Arco
• Grape Seed Extract

9. OTHER ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS

• Vitamin D
• Vitamin A
• Biotin
• Essential Fatty acids
• Probiotics
• Pantethine
• l-Glutamine
• Coenzyme Q10
• Magnesium

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Is this gland taking you down? Sixteen Signs You Might Be Hypothyroid...

Photo courtesy of www.freedigitalphotos.net

Your thyroid plays a part in nearly every metabolic process and when the thyroid isn't working you won't feel well!  This small gland has an average weight of 16.4 grams in the adult. Shaped like a butterfly, it lies low on the front of the neck and below your Adam’s apple and in front of the windpipe. When the thyroid is its normal size, you can’t even feel it.

The thyroid secretes several hormones, collectively called thyroid hormones. The main hormone is thyroxine, also called T4, but there are others, including T3 and even lesser known T1 and T2.   It requires adequate selenium, iodine, zinc, B vitamins and antioxidants for optimal function.  Thyroid hormones act throughout the body, influencing metabolism, growth and development, and body temperature. During infancy and childhood, adequate thyroid hormone is crucial for brain development.  Unfortunately, the thyroid gland is uniquely sensitive to drugs and environmental chemicals which may affect proper function.

More than 10 percent of the general population in the United States, and 20 percent of women over the age of 60, have subclinical hypothyroidism. But only a small percentage of these people are being treated.  It is important to ask your doctor to check you thyroid function if you feel that you are having symptoms.

Often, at first, you barely notice the symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as fatigue and weight gain.  You might simply attribute them to getting older. But as your metabolism continues to slow, you may develop more obvious signs and symptoms.

Top Sixteen Symptoms of Hypothyroid

1. Fatigue
2. Increased sensitivity to cold
3. Constipation
4. Dry skin
5. Unexplained weight gain
6. Puffy face
7. Hoarseness
8. Muscle weakness
9. Elevated blood cholesterol level
10. Muscle aches and pain
11. Pain, stiffness or swelling in your joints
12. Heavier than normal or irregular menstrual periods
13. Thinning hair
14. Slower heart rate
15. Depressed mood
16. Impaired memory

Here is a simple checklist of symptoms that may indicate abnormal thyroid function:

____ My facial skin looks or feels thinner
____ My muscles feel weak, particularly the upper arms and thighs
____ I am having difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep
____ I feel fatigued, exhausted all the time

____ I frequently require more than 8 hours of sleep at night

____ I feel better if I am able to take an afternoon nap every day

____ I am unable to tolerate exercise

____ I have less stamina or energy than others
____ My hair is coarse and dry, breaking, brittle, falling out
____ My skin is coarse, dry, scaly, thin 

____ My eyebrows are thinning, especially the outer 1/3

____ I frequently struggle with constipation or hard stools

____ I am always colder than others around me

____ I typically wear a sweater, even in the summer

____ I am having more breakouts or acne
____ I have pains, aches in joints, hands and feet 

____ I experience numbness or tingling in my hands & fingers
____ I am having irregular periods (women)

____ I am having trouble maintaining erection (men)
____ I am having trouble conceiving a baby
____ I have had one or more miscarriages
____ I feel depressed most of the time
____ I feel restless, or anxious 

____ I have puffiness and swelling around the eyes and face
____ My moods change easily 

____ I have difficulty concentrating or focusing
____ I have more feelings of sadness
____ I seem to be losing interest in normal daily activities
____ I'm more forgetful lately
____ My hair is falling out
____ I can't seem to remember things
____ I have no sex drive
____ I am getting more frequent infections, that last longer
____ My eyes feel gritty and dry
____ My eyes feel sensitive to light 

____ I am having difficulty swallowing or feeling a lump in my throat

____ I have a hoarse or gravely voice
____ I have tinnitus (ringing in ears)
____ I feel some lightheadedness or dizziness
____ I have severe menstrual cramps

Other conditions that may be associated with thyroid dysfunction:

• Infertility or frequent miscarriage
• Acne 
• High cholesterol 
• Irregular periods 
• Low libido 
• Fluid retention 
• Difficulty swallowing 
• Respiratory difficulties
• Iron-deficiency
• Glaucoma
• Frequent headaches

Family history that suggests you could have a higher risk for hypothyroidism:

• Celiac Disease or gluten intolerance
• Goiter
• Prematurely gray hair
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, sarcoidosis, Sjogren's, etc.)
• Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Elevated cholesterol levels

Ten Tips To Support a Healthy Thyroid:

1. Eliminate gluten from your diet!  One in three patient's with Hashimoto's thyroiditis are sensitive to gluten.
2. Selenium is essential to a healthy thyroid and the first thing I recommend for those with autoimmune thyroiditis or Hashimoto's.  You can get 200mcg of selenium by eating 2-3 organic brazil nuts daily! 
3. Wild caught fish, like salmon, supple ample omega-3 fatty acids which are essential for optimal thyroid function.  If you don't eat fish frequently, you can supplement with a high quality Omega3 supplement, like Thorne OmegaPlus 2-3 caps daily.
4. Get plenty of sunlight to optimize your vitamin D levels and take 1000-2000IU daily of Vitamin D3.
5. Herbs that support thyroid function include ashwaganda, eleuthero and other adrenal adaptogens. One of my favorite formulas is Gaia Herbs Thyroid Support
6. Dandelion greens, carrots, spinach, kale, Swiss chard, collard greens, and sweet potatoes are all rich sources of essential Vitamin A 
7. Use organic coconut oil in your cooking -- it's great for high heat cooking and sautéing many different meats and vegetables. 
8. Filter your drinking water from chlorine and other harmful chemicals which suppress the thyroid and block iodine
9. Find daily ways to detox, like using a sauna, taking epsom salt baths, adding chlorella, parsley, or cilantro to your daily smoothie to help your body detoxify from chemical exposures (petrochemicals, PCBs, pesticides, and mercury)
10. Work on lowering stress levels through daily gratitude, prayer, meditation, yoga, deep breathing!

Environmental Toxins May be Poisoning Your Thyroid

Many environmental factors have the potential to impact thyroid function.  Some of these factors include:

• Potassium perchlorate, which inhibits iodine uptake by the thyroid, is used in rocket propellant, fireworks, and automobile airbags. Potassium perchlorate is stable in the environment and contaminates water throughout the United States. Newborns and infants are most susceptible to this inhibitory effect on iodine transport. The thiocyanates in cigarette smoke can have effects similar to potassium perchlorate.
• Isoflavones (phytoestrogens), found in soy proteins, are thyroid peroxidase inhibitors.
• Pesticides induce glucuronidation of T4 and reduce T4 half-life.
• Polychlorinated biphenyls are industrial chemicals that were banned in 1975 but still are routinely detected in the environment. They have been shown to reduce T4 levels in animals and are neurotoxic. Their effect varies because of partial agonist effect at the thyroid hormone receptor and their varied chemical structure.
• Bisphenol A—used in plastics, as resins for coating food cans, and as dental sealants—antagonizes T3 activation of the thyroid hormone b-receptor in rats, causing a thyroid hormone resistance–like syndrome.
• Keep your home free from these and other toxic chemicals
• And read the blog on MTHFR for how your genes can also make you more susceptible to thyroid dysfunction and poor detox!

A Prescription for Hypothyroid

If you are truly suffering from hypothryoid, no amount of nutritional supplementation will replace your abnormally low levels of thyroid hormone.  Ask your doctor to do comprehensive thyroid lab testing including:  TSH, free T4, free T3, total T4, total T3, reverse T3, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOs), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb).  An ultrasound to evaluate the appearance of the thyroid is necessary if you are experiencing symptoms of enlarged thyroid or nodules.

Common drug options for thyroid replacement include:

• T4 preparations
• Synthroid
• Levothroid
• Levoxyl
• levothyroxine
• Tyrosint
• T4/T3 preparations
• NaturThroid
• Armour Thyroid
• ERFA thyroid
• dessicated thyroid
• Westthroid
• Thyrolar
• T3 only preparations
• Cytomel

References:
Could Thyroid Dysfunction Be Causing My Symptoms?
Drugs and Environmental Toxins take on the Thyroid
NEJM: Drugs that Influence Thyroid Function

Does This Chemical Make Me Look Fat?! More on Obesogens...

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Obesogens are chemicals that can inappropriately alter fat storage and change metabolic set-points. This disrupts energy balance and modifies your appetite to promote fat accumulation. Chemicals in your environment can certainly have an impact on your health and often your weight. Some of these exposures may occur before you’re born but there is still a lot that you can control! Exposure to obesogens don't necessary doom you to become overweight, but it's all the more reason  to consider ways to avoid exposure and regularly use neutraceuticals and whole foods to aid our body's natural detox mechanisms through our liver, kidneys and bowel.

Here's some easy ways to do a quick check of your home a to determine where your greatest exposures may be coming from.

Here's 12 simple changes that will significantly reduce your risks:

1. Eat organic foods, especially the "dirty dozen" Researchers have found that it takes just five days of eating organic to rid the body of virtually all pesticide residues.
2. Rather than eating conventional or farm-raised fish, which are often heavily contaminated with PCBs and mercury, supplement with a high-quality purified krill oil, or eat fish that is wild-caught and tested for purity.  My personal favorite is Wild Alaskan salmon.
3. Avoid any flexible plastics whenever possible, especially in children's toys.
4. Stop drinking out of plastic water bottles to avoid BPA.  Buy a reusable stainless steel or glass one instead.
5. Use a good quality reverse osmosis or carbon filter in your home.
6. Avoid using plastics with food or beverages
7. Choose glass jars instead of storing your food in plastic containers.  Especially don't make the mistake of freezing or microwaving in plastic.
8. Use natural toiletries and personal care items, cleaning supplies, laundry detergents and other household products.  Start by cleaning up your make-up and body lotion... a good rule of thumb is if you wouldn't put in in your mouth, don't put it on your skin.
9. Replace your non-stick pots & pans with ceramic or glass cookware
10. Replace your vinyl shower curtain with one made of fabric or install a glass shower door 
11. Get rid of your indoor plug-in air fresheners, candles and fabric softners.  These seemingly pleasants scents are often toxic chemicals and contribute to poor indoor air quality and may even cause breathing problems, such as asthma.
12. Look for natural, chemical-free clothing, furniture, flooring, paint and other building supplies to use in your home

Could These Seven Foods Be Causing Your Weight Gain?!

Food Allergy "Fat"
"Fat" that comes with food sensitivities is a characterized by bloating and fluid retention that many people experience when they ingest these top seven food allergens.  Eating foods that interfere with our body’s chemistry causes tissue swelling, abdominal bloating or even facial puffiness that may have the appearance of real fat. In fact, it’s not unusual for a person to look ten to fifteen pounds heavier due to these nasty reactions.

The foods that people react to most commonly are also the most prevalent in the Standard American Diet (SAD, for short)  They are dairy, wheat, corn, sugar, soy, eggs and peanuts.  Many patients assume they aren’t “allergic” to these foods because they don’t experience the immediate histamine reaction we associate with an allergy, like hives, throat swelling or vomiting.  Another complicating factor is that these type of reactions often cause delayed symptoms, meaning that you may not feel badly for 12-36 hours. This makes such sensitivities extremely difficult to identify, particularly if your sensitivity is to a food that you eat on a daily basis. If you are constantly consuming wheat or dairy, for example, and having a low-grade reaction, you may not recognize this as your body’s distress signals. Instead you might assume they are totally unrelated chronic problems, like a eczema, migraines, fatigue, joint pain, or heartburn.

Virtually any food can cause these reactions — even “healthy” foods like citrus or bell peppers. Typically an individual will develop sensitivities to the foods he or she eats most often. Unfortunately the top seven - dairy, wheat, corn, sugar, soy, eggs, and peanuts - are the basis for most processed foods so most Americans are frequently exposed to them.   If we eat such foods on a daily basis, we may experience a near-constant state of reaction — including bloating and fluid retention. More serious, it may cause inflammation to the lining of the gut, upset your metabolism, create nutritional deficiencies, and blood sugar imbalances.  This can lead to food cravings, low energy, depression and even PMS!

When you eat reactive foods, they enter your bloodstream incompletely digested... as bigger particles that your body doesn’t recognize as food. This not only causes indigestion and gas within the gut, but may trigger release of cytokines and chemicals like adrenaline and histamine that set off an inflammatory response. As fluids rush into afflicted cells and are held in your tissues, swelling and abdominal bloating occur. Due to the fluctuation in endophrins that occurs in this "flight or flight response, you may find that you crave the foods your are most sensitive to.  The only real way to heal the gut is to eliminate these food triggers from your diet.

Elimination Diet to the Rescue!

One of the best ways to determine if you are having food reactions is an elimination diet.  Plan for a minimum of 3 weeks off all of the most common seven food allergens:  dairy, wheat, corn, sugar, soy, eggs and peanuts.  You will not be cured by that time, but you can determine which of these seven you are reacting to by adding them back into your diet one-by-one and seeing which one(s) you have a reaction to.

Another way to find the food culprits is to have your physician test you for IgG food sensitivities.  The elimination diet is the "gold standard" to determine what foods you are sensitive to but some patients prefer to have the data on paper before they start.  I use laboratories like, Genova Diagnostics, Metametrix, and US Biotek for this type of testing. 

Be aware that avoiding staple ingredients like wheat, dairy and corn syrup may require you to limit restaurant and packaged foods and to prepare most of your meals yourself.  I also recommend drinking plenty of water and getting regular exercise. Exercise will stimulate your metabolism and boost your energy level. It will also help flush excess fluids, burn calories and suppress your appetite, allowing you to experience even faster results.  Finding you have hidden food sensitivities may require you to adjust your eating, but when the inches start coming off and you feel better than you have in ages it will be worth all the effort!

PCOS - Are you one of the thousands of women who suffer from it?

Photo courtesy of www.freedigitalphotos.net

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), the most common metabolic disorder of reproductive-age women
in the United States, is generally known as a reproductive disorder but is also associated with lifethreatening  medical illnesses. In the U.S., six million reproductive-age women are affected with the
syndrome. PCOS is generally considered a syndrome rather than a disease because it manifests itself
through a group of signs and symptoms that can occur in any combination, rather than having one known cause or presentation.

• Affects an estimated 10% of all women and most don't even know they have it
• Is naturally treatable with changes in diet and exercise
• Is the leading cause of infertility in women.
• PCOS is generally considered a syndrome rather than a disease (though it is sometimes called
  Polycystic Ovary Disease) because it manifests itself through a group of signs and symptoms that can occur in any combination, rather than having one known cause or presentation.
• Affects far more than just reproduction
• PCOS is associated with increased risk for endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, insulin
  resistance, type II diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease.
  
• Infertility in this condition is caused by hormonal changes and poor ovulation as well as recurrent miscarriages and complications of pregnancy.

Symptoms of PCOS

• Irregular or absent periods
• Less frequent ovulation or infertility
• Hirsutism (excessive hair growth on chin or chest, stomach, back)
• Acne or frequent breakouts
• Exhaustion or lack of mental focus (due to alterations in blood sugar)
• Abnormal cholesterol levels (high LDL or low HDL)
• Hair loss on scalp or male pattern thinning
• Decreased sex drive
• Skin tags
• Weight gain or obesity (1/3 of patients with PCOS are normal or underweight!)

LIFESTYLE RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Avoid stress and maintain balance - include stretching & breathing exercises daily and prayer or meditation
2. Avoid alcohol consumption and smoking.
3. Participate in a regular balanced exercise program. High intensity short bursts (20-60 seconds) of activity during the day is recommended to enhance growth hormone release. Also engage in resistance training that works all major muscle groups (work each group at least 2 times a week).
4. Check blood vitamin D levels. Supplement with Vitamin D - optimal blood levels are 40-100 ng/ml.
5. Practice good sleep habits and get between 8-9 hours of sleep a night.
6. Eliminate parabens and BPA and other toxins from your skin care and bath & body products - these chemicals are major endocrine disruptors!


DIET GUIDELINES
1. Avoid all sugars. Replace sugar with xylitol or stevia.  Better yet, kick the sweet habit altogether!
2. Avoid white flour and all refined carbohydrates including cereals and pasta.
3. Get a balance of omega 3's (salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines) and omega 9 fats (olive oil, olives, almonds, hazelnuts, avocados).
4. Choose lean, clean quality protein at each meal such as chicken breast, turkey breast, lean beef, fish (especially salmon and sardines), eggs and whey protein.  Total protein should be 80-100mg per day
5. Avoid hydrogenated vegetable oils and fried foods.
6. Cook with olive oil at a low heat or coconut/grape seed oils at higher heat
7. Snack on vegetables and small amounts of nuts, olives or avocado.
8. Eat 5-9 servings of fresh fruits and vegetables daily (fruits must be limited to 1 -2 per day due to sugar content)
9. Avoid sugary drinks, concentrated sweets, fast food and processed foods.  If it comes in a package with a label, limit it!
10.  Don't forget to start your day with a high protein breakfast!  At least 20gm will get you off to the right start.  Ideas are eggs, smoked salmon, whey or rice protein smoothies!